Africa Eastern and Southern | Manufacturing, value added (constant 2015 US$)

Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 10-33. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Development relevance: An economy's growth is measured by the change in the volume of its output or in the real incomes of its residents. The 2008 United Nations System of National Accounts (2008 SNA) offers three plausible indicators for calculating growth: the volume of gross domestic product (GDP), real gross domestic income, and real gross national income. The volume of GDP is the sum of value added, measured at constant prices, by households, government, and industries operating in the economy. GDP accounts for all domestic production, regardless of whether the income accrues to domestic or foreign institutions. Limitations and exceptions: Ideally, industrial output should be measured through regular censuses and surveys of firms. But in most developing countries such surveys are infrequent, so earlier survey results must be extrapolated using an appropriate indicator. The choice of sampling unit, which may be the enterprise (where responses may be based on financial records) or the establishment (where production units may be recorded separately), also affects the quality of the data. Moreover, much industrial production is organized in unincorporated or owner-operated ventures that are not captured by surveys aimed at the formal sector. Even in large industries, where regular surveys are more likely, evasion of excise and other taxes and nondisclosure of income lower the estimates of value added. Such problems become more acute as countries move from state control of industry to private enterprise, because new firms and growing numbers of established firms fail to report. In accordance with the System of National Accounts, output should include all such unreported activity as well as the value of illegal activities and other unrecorded, informal, or small-scale operations. Data on these activities need to be collected using techniques other than conventional surveys of firms. Statistical concept and methodology: Gross domestic product (GDP) represents the sum of value added by all its producers. Value added is the value of the gross output of producers less the value of intermediate goods and services consumed in production, before accounting for consumption of fixed capital in production. The United Nations System of National Accounts calls for value added to be valued at either basic prices (excluding net taxes on products) or producer prices (including net taxes on products paid by producers but excluding sales or value added taxes). Both valuations exclude transport charges that are invoiced separately by producers. Total GDP is measured at purchaser prices. Value added by industry is normally measured at basic prices.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Africa Eastern and Southern
Records
63
Source
Africa Eastern and Southern | Manufacturing, value added (constant 2015 US$)
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968 38163842785.698
1969 42088783776.029
1970 41632315269.623
1971 44351419346.562
1972 46845758773.534
1973 51110854013.474
1974 54881782153.276
1975 53388411147.894
1976 51988446595.062
1977 50906404126.005
1978 50162314112.657
1979 51594203521.935
1980 54858704003.211
1981 58340300337.712
1982 56557717888.717
1983 56654959443.39
1984 60231894175.695
1985 60795675434.087
1986 62215568873.057
1987 64103323558.156
1988 66439597238.689
1989 66739278623.69
1990 63592387866.782
1991 58347243690.229
1992 53532352284.163
1993 52331102740.786
1994 53357890884.156
1995 56721932962.725
1996 58013353000.266
1997 57776408051.643
1998 57164273615.021
1999 58674206696.853
2000 60935934026.618
2001 61784747564.774
2002 63391539097.003
2003 63360217808.125
2004 66494885669.879
2005 70075740364.842
2006 74133415238.544
2007 78092390661.939
2008 80022089794.757
2009 75716749703.692
2010 80516883485.043
2011 84100324997.642
2012 86391127839.072
2013 88955210499.091
2014 89592337630.995
2015 92814920788.961
2016 96041959731.939
2017 97952662024.946
2018 100240489539.18
2019 101523324288.3
2020 94708389436.226
2021 100094999853.95
2022 101921349566.41

Africa Eastern and Southern | Manufacturing, value added (constant 2015 US$)

Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 10-33. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 4. Data are in constant 2015 prices, expressed in U.S. dollars. Development relevance: An economy's growth is measured by the change in the volume of its output or in the real incomes of its residents. The 2008 United Nations System of National Accounts (2008 SNA) offers three plausible indicators for calculating growth: the volume of gross domestic product (GDP), real gross domestic income, and real gross national income. The volume of GDP is the sum of value added, measured at constant prices, by households, government, and industries operating in the economy. GDP accounts for all domestic production, regardless of whether the income accrues to domestic or foreign institutions. Limitations and exceptions: Ideally, industrial output should be measured through regular censuses and surveys of firms. But in most developing countries such surveys are infrequent, so earlier survey results must be extrapolated using an appropriate indicator. The choice of sampling unit, which may be the enterprise (where responses may be based on financial records) or the establishment (where production units may be recorded separately), also affects the quality of the data. Moreover, much industrial production is organized in unincorporated or owner-operated ventures that are not captured by surveys aimed at the formal sector. Even in large industries, where regular surveys are more likely, evasion of excise and other taxes and nondisclosure of income lower the estimates of value added. Such problems become more acute as countries move from state control of industry to private enterprise, because new firms and growing numbers of established firms fail to report. In accordance with the System of National Accounts, output should include all such unreported activity as well as the value of illegal activities and other unrecorded, informal, or small-scale operations. Data on these activities need to be collected using techniques other than conventional surveys of firms. Statistical concept and methodology: Gross domestic product (GDP) represents the sum of value added by all its producers. Value added is the value of the gross output of producers less the value of intermediate goods and services consumed in production, before accounting for consumption of fixed capital in production. The United Nations System of National Accounts calls for value added to be valued at either basic prices (excluding net taxes on products) or producer prices (including net taxes on products paid by producers but excluding sales or value added taxes). Both valuations exclude transport charges that are invoiced separately by producers. Total GDP is measured at purchaser prices. Value added by industry is normally measured at basic prices.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Africa Eastern and Southern
Records
63
Source