East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) | Gross capital formation (current US$)

Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Limitations and exceptions: Because policymakers have tended to focus on fostering the growth of output, and because data on production are easier to collect than data on spending, many countries generate their primary estimate of GDP using the production approach. Moreover, many countries do not estimate all the components of national expenditures but instead derive some of the main aggregates indirectly using GDP (based on the production approach) as the control total. Data on capital formation may be estimated from direct surveys of enterprises and administrative records or based on the commodity flow method using data from production, trade, and construction activities. The quality of data on government fixed capital formation depends on the quality of government accounting systems (which tend to be weak in developing countries). Measures of fixed capital formation by households and corporations - particularly capital outlays by small, unincorporated enterprises - are usually unreliable. Estimates of changes in inventories are rarely complete but usually include the most important activities or commodities. In some countries these estimates are derived as a composite residual along with household final consumption expenditure. According to national accounts conventions, adjustments should be made for appreciation of the value of inventory holdings due to price changes, but this is not always done. In highly inflationary economies this element can be substantial. Statistical concept and methodology: Gross domestic product (GDP) from the expenditure side is made up of household final consumption expenditure, general government final consumption expenditure, gross capital formation (private and public investment in fixed assets, changes in inventories, and net acquisitions of valuables), and net exports (exports minus imports) of goods and services. Such expenditures are recorded in purchaser prices and include net taxes on products.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)
Records
63
Source
East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) | Gross capital formation (current US$)
1960 27833494120.965
1961 13952211506.888
1962 9658366370.4767
1963 14116108939.03
1964 18166027989.604
1965 23523419514.041
1966 28872956323.344
1967 22094590507.811
1968 22833682692.106
1969 25977062641.116
1970 38453702765.961
1971 42444083044.341
1972 45425468100.001
1973 59737500478.798
1974 65671042565.257
1975 78017543265.063
1976 73268000757.361
1977 86285636390.489
1978 116441241106.06
1979 134636809511.79
1980 154733404941.77
1981 149097856058.73
1982 147865098439.24
1983 160877233298.68
1984 165086125530.79
1985 172658327567.85
1986 164781745540.42
1987 176563221191.27
1988 228189727050.29
1989 253409095328.91
1990 237077346097.59
1991 260656886577.01
1992 316892913867.9
1993 413523774902.62
1994 395259857325.86
1995 487596594662.17
1996 550876273874.12
1997 537508712379.99
1998 454185770799.43
1999 474422858375.82
2000 524701347917.13
2001 593833802764.16
2002 664825442703.45
2003 818704168914.24
2004 998900508732.91
2005 1134620397921
2006 1344828923611.7
2007 1730274064761.7
2008 2308965345039
2009 2669995996625
2010 3355975555342.7
2011 4130747673558.9
2012 4614174239065
2013 5120852988714.1
2014 5473145634613.3
2015 5433338464128.5
2016 5479668191686.2
2017 6053696933814.8
2018 6916588932397.6
2019 7032828252282.2
2020 7134666368497.3
2021 8571379058426.2
2022 8718683147454.8

East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) | Gross capital formation (current US$)

Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Data are in current U.S. dollars. Limitations and exceptions: Because policymakers have tended to focus on fostering the growth of output, and because data on production are easier to collect than data on spending, many countries generate their primary estimate of GDP using the production approach. Moreover, many countries do not estimate all the components of national expenditures but instead derive some of the main aggregates indirectly using GDP (based on the production approach) as the control total. Data on capital formation may be estimated from direct surveys of enterprises and administrative records or based on the commodity flow method using data from production, trade, and construction activities. The quality of data on government fixed capital formation depends on the quality of government accounting systems (which tend to be weak in developing countries). Measures of fixed capital formation by households and corporations - particularly capital outlays by small, unincorporated enterprises - are usually unreliable. Estimates of changes in inventories are rarely complete but usually include the most important activities or commodities. In some countries these estimates are derived as a composite residual along with household final consumption expenditure. According to national accounts conventions, adjustments should be made for appreciation of the value of inventory holdings due to price changes, but this is not always done. In highly inflationary economies this element can be substantial. Statistical concept and methodology: Gross domestic product (GDP) from the expenditure side is made up of household final consumption expenditure, general government final consumption expenditure, gross capital formation (private and public investment in fixed assets, changes in inventories, and net acquisitions of valuables), and net exports (exports minus imports) of goods and services. Such expenditures are recorded in purchaser prices and include net taxes on products.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries)
Records
63
Source