Germany | Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (current LCU)

Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. Limitations and exceptions: For most countries central government finance data have been consolidated into one account, but for others only budgetary central government accounts are available. Countries reporting budgetary data are noted in the country metadata. Because budgetary accounts may not include all central government units (such as social security funds), they usually provide an incomplete picture. In federal states the central government accounts provide an incomplete view of total public finance. Data on government revenue and expense are collected by the IMF through questionnaires to member countries and by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Despite IMF efforts to standardize data collection, statistics are often incomplete, untimely, and not comparable across countries. Statistical concept and methodology: The IMF's Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014, harmonized with the 2008 SNA, recommends an accrual accounting method, focusing on all economic events affecting assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses, not just those represented by cash transactions. It accounts for all changes in stocks, so stock data at the end of an accounting period equal stock data at the beginning of the period plus flows over the period. The 1986 manual considered only debt stocks. Government finance statistics are reported in local currency. Many countries report government finance data by fiscal year; see country metadata for information on fiscal year end by country.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Federal Republic of Germany
Records
63
Source
Germany | Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (current LCU)
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972 4356206827.7922
1973 8313605988.2508
1974 -1605456506.9567
1975 -15875612911.142
1976 -14116768839.828
1977 -11918213750.684
1978 -11882423319
1979 -11570535271.471
1980 -11100146740.77
1981 -15308078923.015
1982 -12935684594.265
1983 -13324266423.973
1984 -11161501766.514
1985 -5174273837.7062
1986 -4601626930.7656
1987 -9331076831.8305
1988 -15103562170.536
1989 1840650772.3069
1990 -7510877734.7726
1991 -37826000000
1992 -27046000000
1993 -31927000000
1994 -19922000000
1995 -149150000000
1996 -41413000000
1997 -30061000000
1998 -35032000000
1999 -24467000000
2000 -23677000000
2001 -29779000000
2002 -42651000000
2003 -36029000000
2004 -41314000000
2005 -50287000000
2006 -27888000000
2007 -4151000000
2008 -7536000000
2009 -53370000000
2010 -83673000000
2011 -12127000000
2012 4658000000
2013 4378000000
2014 18878000000
2015 20758000000
2016 22451000000
2017 19066000000
2018 36936000000
2019 30602000000
2020 -122213000000
2021 -141634000000
2022

Germany | Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (current LCU)

Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. Limitations and exceptions: For most countries central government finance data have been consolidated into one account, but for others only budgetary central government accounts are available. Countries reporting budgetary data are noted in the country metadata. Because budgetary accounts may not include all central government units (such as social security funds), they usually provide an incomplete picture. In federal states the central government accounts provide an incomplete view of total public finance. Data on government revenue and expense are collected by the IMF through questionnaires to member countries and by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Despite IMF efforts to standardize data collection, statistics are often incomplete, untimely, and not comparable across countries. Statistical concept and methodology: The IMF's Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014, harmonized with the 2008 SNA, recommends an accrual accounting method, focusing on all economic events affecting assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses, not just those represented by cash transactions. It accounts for all changes in stocks, so stock data at the end of an accounting period equal stock data at the beginning of the period plus flows over the period. The 1986 manual considered only debt stocks. Government finance statistics are reported in local currency. Many countries report government finance data by fiscal year; see country metadata for information on fiscal year end by country.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Federal Republic of Germany
Records
63
Source