IDA & IBRD total | Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports)
Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies. Development relevance: The relative importance of intraregional trade is higher for both landlocked countries and small countries with close trade links to the largest regional economy. For most low- and middle-income economies - especially smaller ones - there is a "geographic bias" favoring intraregional trade. Despite the broad trend toward globalization and the reduction of trade barriers, the relative share of intraregional trade increased for most economies between 1999 and 2010. This is due partly to trade-related advantages, such as proximity, lower transport costs, increased knowledge from repeated interaction, and cultural and historical affinity. The direction of trade is also influenced by preferential trade agreements that a country has made with other economies. Though formal agreements on trade liberalization do not automatically increase trade, they nevertheless affect the direction of trade between the participating economies. Limitations and exceptions: Data on exports and imports are from the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Direction of Trade database and should be broadly consistent with data from other sources, such as the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. All high-income economies and major low- and middle-income economies report trade data to the IMF on a timely basis, covering about 85 percent of trade for recent years. Trade data for less timely reporters and for countries that do not report are estimated using reports of trading partner countries. Therefore, data on trade between developing and high-income economies should be generally complete. But trade flows between many low- and middle-income economies - particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa - are not well recorded, and the value of trade among low- and middle-income economies may be understated.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
IDA & IBRD total
Records
63
Source
IDA & IBRD total | Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports)
1960 4.27038469
1961 4.41490975
1962 4.42952069
1963 4.61711791
1964 5.9650421
1965 6.36533671
1966 5.51506465
1967 5.05379252
1968 5.5722037
1969 6.16421671
1970 5.48761601
1971 5.90540666
1972 6.05462828
1973 5.90686926
1974 5.20311491
1975 5.13354935
1976 4.71776715
1977 4.84754112
1978 4.79103571
1979 4.64550411
1980 4.93319517
1981 5.40133694
1982 5.2337089
1983 4.67510087
1984 4.86031013
1985 4.66136083
1986 4.96914254
1987 5.05407133
1988 5.07838938
1989 5.44334273
1990 5.52816762
1991 5.9394883
1992 7.29966063
1993 7.9976728
1994 10.76516471
1995 11.29215431
1996 11.16650165
1997 11.43938136
1998 10.86034738
1999 9.31544565
2000 10.03531699
2001 10.05371894
2002 10.45742174
2003 10.86813764
2004 10.82291899
2005 10.9480782
2006 10.8828912
2007 11.97634756
2008 12.51079538
2009 12.05371641
2010 12.29845306
2011 12.66921484
2012 13.53390368
2013 13.82454702
2014 13.50092892
2015 13.55093217
2016 13.57218135
2017 14.15974734
2018 14.16513761
2019 14.83620139
2020 15.08977159
2021
2022
IDA & IBRD total | Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports)
Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies. Development relevance: The relative importance of intraregional trade is higher for both landlocked countries and small countries with close trade links to the largest regional economy. For most low- and middle-income economies - especially smaller ones - there is a "geographic bias" favoring intraregional trade. Despite the broad trend toward globalization and the reduction of trade barriers, the relative share of intraregional trade increased for most economies between 1999 and 2010. This is due partly to trade-related advantages, such as proximity, lower transport costs, increased knowledge from repeated interaction, and cultural and historical affinity. The direction of trade is also influenced by preferential trade agreements that a country has made with other economies. Though formal agreements on trade liberalization do not automatically increase trade, they nevertheless affect the direction of trade between the participating economies. Limitations and exceptions: Data on exports and imports are from the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Direction of Trade database and should be broadly consistent with data from other sources, such as the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. All high-income economies and major low- and middle-income economies report trade data to the IMF on a timely basis, covering about 85 percent of trade for recent years. Trade data for less timely reporters and for countries that do not report are estimated using reports of trading partner countries. Therefore, data on trade between developing and high-income economies should be generally complete. But trade flows between many low- and middle-income economies - particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa - are not well recorded, and the value of trade among low- and middle-income economies may be understated.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
IDA & IBRD total
Records
63
Source