India | Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)

Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. Limitations and exceptions: For most countries central government finance data have been consolidated into one account, but for others only budgetary central government accounts are available. Countries reporting budgetary data are noted in the country metadata. Because budgetary accounts may not include all central government units (such as social security funds), they usually provide an incomplete picture. In federal states the central government accounts provide an incomplete view of total public finance. Data on government revenue and expense are collected by the IMF through questionnaires to member countries and by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Despite IMF efforts to standardize data collection, statistics are often incomplete, untimely, and not comparable across countries. Statistical concept and methodology: The IMF's Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014, harmonized with the 2008 SNA, recommends an accrual accounting method, focusing on all economic events affecting assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses, not just those represented by cash transactions. It accounts for all changes in stocks, so stock data at the end of an accounting period equal stock data at the beginning of the period plus flows over the period. The 1986 manual considered only debt stocks. Government finance statistics are reported in local currency. Many countries report government finance data by fiscal year; see country metadata for information on fiscal year end by country.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Republic of India
Records
63
Source
India | Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974 -0.08566619
1975 0.15021279
1976 0.12852395
1977 0.18457364
1978 -0.10739197
1979 -0.90723554
1980 -1.00365239
1981 -0.50180724
1982 -0.78652735
1983 -1.27780061
1984 -2.00128277
1985 -2.27248696
1986 -2.92148085
1987 -3.0782223
1988 -3.06407406
1989 -2.74571552
1990 -3.38633714
1991 -2.24941701
1992 -2.30663345
1993 -3.90437166
1994 -2.40392368
1995 -2.18068827
1996 -2.01868924
1997 -2.79027832
1998 -3.30288883
1999 -3.28105723
2000 -3.81029699
2001 -4.3480534
2002 -4.66165279
2003 -3.43004355
2004 -3.25615794
2005 -3.23146948
2006 -2.2640282
2007 -0.47911041
2008 -4.97258655
2009 -5.51353417
2010 -3.48058119
2011 -3.20649565
2012 -3.76447613
2013 -4.06573304
2014 -3.24743718
2015 -2.77580962
2016 -2.41851614
2017 -2.55426517
2018 -2.30328908
2019
2020
2021
2022

India | Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP)

Net lending (+) / net borrowing (–) equals government revenue minus expense, minus net investment in nonfinancial assets. It is also equal to the net result of transactions in financial assets and liabilities. Net lending/net borrowing is a summary measure indicating the extent to which government is either putting financial resources at the disposal of other sectors in the economy or abroad, or utilizing the financial resources generated by other sectors in the economy or from abroad. Limitations and exceptions: For most countries central government finance data have been consolidated into one account, but for others only budgetary central government accounts are available. Countries reporting budgetary data are noted in the country metadata. Because budgetary accounts may not include all central government units (such as social security funds), they usually provide an incomplete picture. In federal states the central government accounts provide an incomplete view of total public finance. Data on government revenue and expense are collected by the IMF through questionnaires to member countries and by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Despite IMF efforts to standardize data collection, statistics are often incomplete, untimely, and not comparable across countries. Statistical concept and methodology: The IMF's Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014, harmonized with the 2008 SNA, recommends an accrual accounting method, focusing on all economic events affecting assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses, not just those represented by cash transactions. It accounts for all changes in stocks, so stock data at the end of an accounting period equal stock data at the beginning of the period plus flows over the period. The 1986 manual considered only debt stocks. Government finance statistics are reported in local currency. Many countries report government finance data by fiscal year; see country metadata for information on fiscal year end by country.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Republic of India
Records
63
Source