Spain | Adjusted net national income per capita (constant 2015 US$)

Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Development relevance: Adjusted net national income is particularly useful in monitoring low-income, resource-rich economies, like many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, because such economies often see large natural resources depletion as well as substantial exports of resource rents to foreign mining companies. For recent years adjusted net national income gives a picture of economic growth that is strikingly different from the one provided by GDP. The key to increasing future consumption and thus the standard of living lies in increasing national wealth - including not only the traditional measures of capital (such as produced and human capital), but also natural capital. Natural capital comprises such assets as land, forests, and subsoil resources. All three types of capital are key to sustaining economic growth. By accounting for the consumption of fixed and natural capital depletion, adjusted net national income better measures the income available for consumption or for investment to increase a country's future consumption. Limitations and exceptions: Adjusted net national income differs from the adjustments made in the calculation of adjusted net savings, by not accounting for investments in human capital or the damages from pollution. Thus, adjusted net national income remains within the boundaries of the United Nations System of National Accounts (SNA). The SNA includes non-produced natural assets (such as land, mineral resources, and forests) within the asset boundary when they are under the effective control of institutional units. The calculation of adjusted net national income, which accounts for net forest, energy, and mineral depletion, as well as consumption of fixed capital, thus remains within the SNA boundaries. This point is critical because it allows for comparisons across GDP, GNI, and adjusted net national income; such comparisons reveal the impact of natural resource depletion, which is otherwise ignored by the popular economic indicators. Statistical concept and methodology: Adjusted net national income complements gross national income (GNI) in assessing economic progress (Hamilton and Ley 2010) by providing a broader measure of national income that accounts for the depletion of natural resources. Adjusted net national income is calculated by subtracting from GNI a charge for the consumption of fixed capital (a calculation that yields net national income) and for the depletion of natural resources. The deduction for the depletion of natural resources, which covers net forest depletion, energy depletion, and mineral depletion, reflects the decline in asset values associated with the extraction and harvesting of natural resources. This is analogous to depreciation of fixed assets. Growth rates of adjusted net national income are computed from constant price series deflated using the gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) deflator.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Kingdom of Spain
Records
63
Source
Spain | Adjusted net national income per capita (constant 2015 US$)
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
9476.2145742 1970
9887.92327766 1971
10704.51870586 1972
11441.09938809 1973
11591.90839428 1974
11553.63367421 1975
11807.18364501 1976
12034.40558328 1977
12283.90659809 1978
12199.80398011 1979
11972.09271818 1980
11535.64069654 1981
11575.01661669 1982
11583.55267503 1983
11825.15976003 1984
12226.77203861 1985
12981.23221711 1986
13756.770744 1987
14440.22116602 1988
15254.72553284 1989
15965.07679147 1990
16479.63544678 1991
16633.43867882 1992
16338.68490477 1993
16347.85520647 1994
17028.07243359 1995
17354.9687415 1996
17939.76474123 1997
18815.6924145 1998
19573.00465623 1999
20269.23332074 2000
20884.29378377 2001
21367.86284683 2002
21731.28469496 2003
21917.94312777 2004
22209.72395071 2005
22597.48323112 2006
22879.46564484 2007
22473.52590211 2008
21821.26433997 2009
21627.35873764 2010
21003.84649488 2011
20448.37337615 2012
20352.59393524 2013
20708.62147073 2014
21716.48797481 2015
22486.78099731 2016
23063.51083471 2017
23492.16010138 2018
23779.24195828 2019
20600.61085907 2020
21765.87341782 2021
2022

Spain | Adjusted net national income per capita (constant 2015 US$)

Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Development relevance: Adjusted net national income is particularly useful in monitoring low-income, resource-rich economies, like many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, because such economies often see large natural resources depletion as well as substantial exports of resource rents to foreign mining companies. For recent years adjusted net national income gives a picture of economic growth that is strikingly different from the one provided by GDP. The key to increasing future consumption and thus the standard of living lies in increasing national wealth - including not only the traditional measures of capital (such as produced and human capital), but also natural capital. Natural capital comprises such assets as land, forests, and subsoil resources. All three types of capital are key to sustaining economic growth. By accounting for the consumption of fixed and natural capital depletion, adjusted net national income better measures the income available for consumption or for investment to increase a country's future consumption. Limitations and exceptions: Adjusted net national income differs from the adjustments made in the calculation of adjusted net savings, by not accounting for investments in human capital or the damages from pollution. Thus, adjusted net national income remains within the boundaries of the United Nations System of National Accounts (SNA). The SNA includes non-produced natural assets (such as land, mineral resources, and forests) within the asset boundary when they are under the effective control of institutional units. The calculation of adjusted net national income, which accounts for net forest, energy, and mineral depletion, as well as consumption of fixed capital, thus remains within the SNA boundaries. This point is critical because it allows for comparisons across GDP, GNI, and adjusted net national income; such comparisons reveal the impact of natural resource depletion, which is otherwise ignored by the popular economic indicators. Statistical concept and methodology: Adjusted net national income complements gross national income (GNI) in assessing economic progress (Hamilton and Ley 2010) by providing a broader measure of national income that accounts for the depletion of natural resources. Adjusted net national income is calculated by subtracting from GNI a charge for the consumption of fixed capital (a calculation that yields net national income) and for the depletion of natural resources. The deduction for the depletion of natural resources, which covers net forest depletion, energy depletion, and mineral depletion, reflects the decline in asset values associated with the extraction and harvesting of natural resources. This is analogous to depreciation of fixed assets. Growth rates of adjusted net national income are computed from constant price series deflated using the gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) deflator.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Kingdom of Spain
Records
63
Source