The dataset presents the number of infant deaths due to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) across a range of years (1980–2021). SIDS refers to the sudden, unexplained death of an infant under one year of age, typically occurring during sleep. Although the exact causes of SIDS remain unknown, several risk factors have been identified. These include unsafe sleep environments (such as soft bedding, bed-sharing, or infants sleeping on their stomachs), respiratory issues, and developmental abnormalities in brain functions related to breathing and arousal from sleep. Public health campaigns advocating for safe sleep practices—such as placing infants on their backs to sleep—have contributed to reducing SIDS rates in many regions. Tracking global and regional trends in SIDS deaths is essential for public health planning and the development of intervention strategies. By identifying areas with elevated SIDS rates, health authorities can assess the impact of prevention efforts and guide future educational campaigns aimed at minimizing SIDS risks.