Togo | Adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$)
Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Development relevance: Adjusted net national income is particularly useful in monitoring low-income, resource-rich economies, like many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, because such economies often see large natural resources depletion as well as substantial exports of resource rents to foreign mining companies. For recent years adjusted net national income gives a picture of economic growth that is strikingly different from the one provided by GDP. The key to increasing future consumption and thus the standard of living lies in increasing national wealth - including not only the traditional measures of capital (such as produced and human capital), but also natural capital. Natural capital comprises such assets as land, forests, and subsoil resources. All three types of capital are key to sustaining economic growth. By accounting for the consumption of fixed and natural capital depletion, adjusted net national income better measures the income available for consumption or for investment to increase a country's future consumption. Limitations and exceptions: Adjusted net national income differs from the adjustments made in the calculation of adjusted net savings, by not accounting for investments in human capital or the damages from pollution. Thus, adjusted net national income remains within the boundaries of the United Nations System of National Accounts (SNA). The SNA includes non-produced natural assets (such as land, mineral resources, and forests) within the asset boundary when they are under the effective control of institutional units. The calculation of adjusted net national income, which accounts for net forest, energy, and mineral depletion, as well as consumption of fixed capital, thus remains within the SNA boundaries. This point is critical because it allows for comparisons across GDP, GNI, and adjusted net national income; such comparisons reveal the impact of natural resource depletion, which is otherwise ignored by the popular economic indicators. Statistical concept and methodology: Adjusted net national income complements gross national income (GNI) in assessing economic progress (Hamilton and Ley 2010) by providing a broader measure of national income that accounts for the depletion of natural resources. Adjusted net national income is calculated by subtracting from GNI a charge for the consumption of fixed capital (a calculation that yields net national income) and for the depletion of natural resources. The deduction for the depletion of natural resources, which covers net forest depletion, energy depletion, and mineral depletion, reflects the decline in asset values associated with the extraction and harvesting of natural resources. This is analogous to depreciation of fixed assets. Growth rates of adjusted net national income are computed from constant price series deflated using the gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) deflator.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Togolese Republic
Records
63
Source
Togo | Adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$)
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971 1132314297.1929
1972 1148453588.0783
1973 1178403451.6934
1974 1958697874.9061
1975 1152009716.2286
1976 1598108801.9233
1977 1541402672.2412
1978 1655389243.1824
1979 1534384736.8851
1980 1618776712.141
1981 1576513224.8395
1982 1487175282.098
1983 1446752442.3273
1984 1628405457.2788
1985 1818496369.7128
1986 1848165483.6444
1987 1835334054.345
1988 2072655154.1834
1989 2141964581.6084
1990 2181154415.1957
1991 2149163116.3756
1992 2156908445.1815
1993 1569030482.236
1994 1711308478.7067
1995 1876264880.6854
1996 2315992480.4136
1997 2360780521.4374
1998 2611675902.7967
1999 2771981959.4416
2000 2673924109.324
2001 2672581262.0094
2002 2836416711.0994
2003 2925118639.9375
2004 2904673254.9522
2005 2709932054.5947
2006 2850875998.0926
2007 2053624144.4436
2008 2190018196.4863
2009 2445743913.177
2010 2569810921.1845
2011 2706194326.158
2012 2558667869.4899
2013 2939594792.878
2014 3221771311.604
2015 3655283022.1276
2016 5197230844.755
2017 5466221549.9131
2018 5954288408.9908
2019 6409614059.4248
2020 6422719164.3442
2021 6591146712.7933
2022
Togo | Adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$)
Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. Development relevance: Adjusted net national income is particularly useful in monitoring low-income, resource-rich economies, like many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, because such economies often see large natural resources depletion as well as substantial exports of resource rents to foreign mining companies. For recent years adjusted net national income gives a picture of economic growth that is strikingly different from the one provided by GDP. The key to increasing future consumption and thus the standard of living lies in increasing national wealth - including not only the traditional measures of capital (such as produced and human capital), but also natural capital. Natural capital comprises such assets as land, forests, and subsoil resources. All three types of capital are key to sustaining economic growth. By accounting for the consumption of fixed and natural capital depletion, adjusted net national income better measures the income available for consumption or for investment to increase a country's future consumption. Limitations and exceptions: Adjusted net national income differs from the adjustments made in the calculation of adjusted net savings, by not accounting for investments in human capital or the damages from pollution. Thus, adjusted net national income remains within the boundaries of the United Nations System of National Accounts (SNA). The SNA includes non-produced natural assets (such as land, mineral resources, and forests) within the asset boundary when they are under the effective control of institutional units. The calculation of adjusted net national income, which accounts for net forest, energy, and mineral depletion, as well as consumption of fixed capital, thus remains within the SNA boundaries. This point is critical because it allows for comparisons across GDP, GNI, and adjusted net national income; such comparisons reveal the impact of natural resource depletion, which is otherwise ignored by the popular economic indicators. Statistical concept and methodology: Adjusted net national income complements gross national income (GNI) in assessing economic progress (Hamilton and Ley 2010) by providing a broader measure of national income that accounts for the depletion of natural resources. Adjusted net national income is calculated by subtracting from GNI a charge for the consumption of fixed capital (a calculation that yields net national income) and for the depletion of natural resources. The deduction for the depletion of natural resources, which covers net forest depletion, energy depletion, and mineral depletion, reflects the decline in asset values associated with the extraction and harvesting of natural resources. This is analogous to depreciation of fixed assets. Growth rates of adjusted net national income are computed from constant price series deflated using the gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) deflator.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Togolese Republic
Records
63
Source