Tonga | Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births)

Infant mortality rate, male is the number of male infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 male live births in a given year. Development relevance: Mortality rates for different age groups (infants, children, and adults) and overall mortality indicators (life expectancy at birth or survival to a given age) are important indicators of health status in a country. Because data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. And they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries. Limitations and exceptions: Complete vital registration systems are fairly uncommon in developing countries. Thus estimates must be obtained from sample surveys or derived by applying indirect estimation techniques to registration, census, or survey data. Survey data are subject to recall error, and surveys estimating infant/child deaths require large samples because households in which a birth has occurred during a given year cannot ordinarily be preselected for sampling. Indirect estimates rely on model life tables that may be inappropriate for the population concerned. Extrapolations based on outdated surveys may not be reliable for monitoring changes in health status or for comparative analytical work. Statistical concept and methodology: The main sources of mortality data are vital registration systems and direct or indirect estimates based on sample surveys or censuses. A "complete" vital registration system - covering at least 90 percent of vital events in the population - is the best source of age-specific mortality data. Estimates of neonatal, infant, and child mortality tend to vary by source and method for a given time and place. Years for available estimates also vary by country, making comparisons across countries and over time difficult. To make neonatal, infant, and child mortality estimates comparable and to ensure consistency across estimates by different agencies, the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), which comprises the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, the United Nations Population Division, and other universities and research institutes, developed and adopted a statistical method that uses all available information to reconcile differences. The method uses statistical models to obtain a best estimate trend line by fitting a country-specific regression model of mortality rates against their reference dates.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Kingdom of Tonga
Records
63
Source
Tonga | Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births)
1960
1961
1962
1963 64.1
1964 60.8
1965 57.7
1966 54.6
1967 51.6
1968 48.6
1969 45.8
1970 43.3
1971 40.9
1972 38.8
1973 36.9
1974 35.2
1975 33.7
1976 32.3
1977 31
1978 29.7
1979 28.6
1980 27.6
1981 26.8
1982 26.1
1983 25.4
1984 24.8
1985 24.3
1986 23.8
1987 23.2
1988 22.6
1989 21.9
1990 21.1
1991 20.4
1992 19.7
1993 19.1
1994 18.6
1995 18.1
1996 17.8
1997 17.5
1998 17.1
1999 16.8
2000 16.4
2001 15.9
2002 15.5
2003 15.1
2004 14.6
2005 14.3
2006 13.9
2007 13.5
2008 13.2
2009 13
2010 12.7
2011 12.5
2012 12.3
2013 12.2
2014 12
2015 11.9
2016 11.8
2017 11.6
2018 11.4
2019 11.2
2020 10.9
2021 10.7
2022

Tonga | Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births)

Infant mortality rate, male is the number of male infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 male live births in a given year. Development relevance: Mortality rates for different age groups (infants, children, and adults) and overall mortality indicators (life expectancy at birth or survival to a given age) are important indicators of health status in a country. Because data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. And they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries. Limitations and exceptions: Complete vital registration systems are fairly uncommon in developing countries. Thus estimates must be obtained from sample surveys or derived by applying indirect estimation techniques to registration, census, or survey data. Survey data are subject to recall error, and surveys estimating infant/child deaths require large samples because households in which a birth has occurred during a given year cannot ordinarily be preselected for sampling. Indirect estimates rely on model life tables that may be inappropriate for the population concerned. Extrapolations based on outdated surveys may not be reliable for monitoring changes in health status or for comparative analytical work. Statistical concept and methodology: The main sources of mortality data are vital registration systems and direct or indirect estimates based on sample surveys or censuses. A "complete" vital registration system - covering at least 90 percent of vital events in the population - is the best source of age-specific mortality data. Estimates of neonatal, infant, and child mortality tend to vary by source and method for a given time and place. Years for available estimates also vary by country, making comparisons across countries and over time difficult. To make neonatal, infant, and child mortality estimates comparable and to ensure consistency across estimates by different agencies, the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), which comprises the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, the United Nations Population Division, and other universities and research institutes, developed and adopted a statistical method that uses all available information to reconcile differences. The method uses statistical models to obtain a best estimate trend line by fitting a country-specific regression model of mortality rates against their reference dates.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Kingdom of Tonga
Records
63
Source