Upper middle income | Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise imports)

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies. Development relevance: The relative importance of intraregional trade is higher for both landlocked countries and small countries with close trade links to the largest regional economy. For most low- and middle-income economies - especially smaller ones - there is a "geographic bias" favoring intraregional trade. Despite the broad trend toward globalization and the reduction of trade barriers, the relative share of intraregional trade increased for most economies between 1999 and 2010. This is due partly to trade-related advantages, such as proximity, lower transport costs, increased knowledge from repeated interaction, and cultural and historical affinity. The direction of trade is also influenced by preferential trade agreements that a country has made with other economies. Though formal agreements on trade liberalization do not automatically increase trade, they nevertheless affect the direction of trade between the participating economies. Limitations and exceptions: Data on exports and imports are from the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Direction of Trade database and should be broadly consistent with data from other sources, such as the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. All high-income economies and major low- and middle-income economies report trade data to the IMF on a timely basis, covering about 85 percent of trade for recent years. Trade data for less timely reporters and for countries that do not report are estimated using reports of trading partner countries. Therefore, data on trade between developing and high-income economies should be generally complete. But trade flows between many low- and middle-income economies - particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa - are not well recorded, and the value of trade among low- and middle-income economies may be understated.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Upper middle income
Records
63
Source
Upper middle income | Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise imports)
1960 4.65452115
1961 3.85530908
1962 4.99598669
1963 5.63455821
1964 6.60291788
1965 7.92554116
1966 7.23411266
1967 7.67572102
1968 8.05053768
1969 8.41883412
1970 8.04926803
1971 7.36967738
1972 7.41181187
1973 7.56772
1974 6.27626158
1975 6.27890026
1976 6.52914252
1977 6.83999989
1978 6.51355903
1979 7.30033206
1980 6.82560984
1981 5.85592646
1982 6.9784141
1983 6.72721844
1984 7.35840863
1985 6.33780088
1986 6.50379762
1987 6.83383994
1988 6.64333197
1989 6.95020027
1990 6.86701022
1991 7.11541887
1992 8.62392439
1993 8.4643741
1994 11.03746331
1995 12.17191519
1996 12.39586511
1997 12.55932474
1998 11.94983499
1999 11.01489469
2000 12.34218923
2001 12.02172739
2002 12.73484276
2003 13.60315716
2004 13.91432888
2005 14.4113702
2006 14.766904
2007 15.6668626
2008 15.79516575
2009 15.22739959
2010 14.92668931
2011 15.02918165
2012 15.32500805
2013 14.61301591
2014 14.43529756
2015 14.9358482
2016 15.1317339
2017 15.31438682
2018 15.23700129
2019 15.7711472
2020 16.06205349
2021
2022

Upper middle income | Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise imports)

Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region are the sum of merchandise imports by the reporting economy from other low- and middle-income economies in the same World Bank region according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are as a percentage of total merchandise imports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data. No figures are shown for high-income economies, because they are a separate category in the World Bank classification of economies. Development relevance: The relative importance of intraregional trade is higher for both landlocked countries and small countries with close trade links to the largest regional economy. For most low- and middle-income economies - especially smaller ones - there is a "geographic bias" favoring intraregional trade. Despite the broad trend toward globalization and the reduction of trade barriers, the relative share of intraregional trade increased for most economies between 1999 and 2010. This is due partly to trade-related advantages, such as proximity, lower transport costs, increased knowledge from repeated interaction, and cultural and historical affinity. The direction of trade is also influenced by preferential trade agreements that a country has made with other economies. Though formal agreements on trade liberalization do not automatically increase trade, they nevertheless affect the direction of trade between the participating economies. Limitations and exceptions: Data on exports and imports are from the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Direction of Trade database and should be broadly consistent with data from other sources, such as the United Nations Statistics Division's Commodity Trade (Comtrade) database. All high-income economies and major low- and middle-income economies report trade data to the IMF on a timely basis, covering about 85 percent of trade for recent years. Trade data for less timely reporters and for countries that do not report are estimated using reports of trading partner countries. Therefore, data on trade between developing and high-income economies should be generally complete. But trade flows between many low- and middle-income economies - particularly those in Sub-Saharan Africa - are not well recorded, and the value of trade among low- and middle-income economies may be understated.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Upper middle income
Records
63
Source