Zimbabwe | Gross capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Limitations and exceptions: Because policymakers have tended to focus on fostering the growth of output, and because data on production are easier to collect than data on spending, many countries generate their primary estimate of GDP using the production approach. Moreover, many countries do not estimate all the components of national expenditures but instead derive some of the main aggregates indirectly using GDP (based on the production approach) as the control total. Data on capital formation may be estimated from direct surveys of enterprises and administrative records or based on the commodity flow method using data from production, trade, and construction activities. The quality of data on government fixed capital formation depends on the quality of government accounting systems (which tend to be weak in developing countries). Measures of fixed capital formation by households and corporations - particularly capital outlays by small, unincorporated enterprises - are usually unreliable. Estimates of changes in inventories are rarely complete but usually include the most important activities or commodities. In some countries these estimates are derived as a composite residual along with household final consumption expenditure. According to national accounts conventions, adjustments should be made for appreciation of the value of inventory holdings due to price changes, but this is not always done. In highly inflationary economies this element can be substantial. Statistical concept and methodology: Gross domestic product (GDP) from the expenditure side is made up of household final consumption expenditure, general government final consumption expenditure, gross capital formation (private and public investment in fixed assets, changes in inventories, and net acquisitions of valuables), and net exports (exports minus imports) of goods and services. Such expenditures are recorded in purchaser prices and include net taxes on products.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Republic of Zimbabwe
Records
63
Source
Zimbabwe | Gross capital formation (% of GDP)
1960 20.43377603
1961 20.04997781
1962 15.59870709
1963 11.51320853
1964 11.74232503
1965 13.65244109
1966 14.94890382
1967 17.42557992
1968 21.12327799
1969 16.89153906
1970 18.33777968
1971 20.17108882
1972 23.70471415
1973 22.87553678
1974 24.74394935
1975 23.63248312
1976 16.11086771
1977 17.18569967
1978 10.69517526
1979 11.40963075
1980 16.93697893
1981 20.81589802
1982 19.05373569
1983 14.30515734
1984 17.0355046
1985 17.81997681
1986 18.056359
1987 14.93616485
1988 18.70172331
1989 15.0379806
1990 17.37694276
1991 19.10339983
1992 20.2372647
1993 22.77488758
1994 23.72905557
1995 19.66018675
1996 18.54193988
1997 18.13390253
1998 20.75046077
1999 14.39628046
2000 13.56942382
2001 10.26647344
2002 4.99999968
2003 7.99999923
2004 4.50911486
2005 1.52517668
2006 1.57116139
2007 7.10975336
2008 5.12790625
2009 12.74680165
2010 18.76330091
2011 17.39776603
2012 9.85697689
2013 9.20947912
2014 9.63922398
2015 10.03564042
2016 9.8613706
2017 9.70014735
2018 14.14830624
2019 13.79935177
2020 13.14608116
2021 15.50705787
2022 14.65388576

Zimbabwe | Gross capital formation (% of GDP)

Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and "work in progress." According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation. Limitations and exceptions: Because policymakers have tended to focus on fostering the growth of output, and because data on production are easier to collect than data on spending, many countries generate their primary estimate of GDP using the production approach. Moreover, many countries do not estimate all the components of national expenditures but instead derive some of the main aggregates indirectly using GDP (based on the production approach) as the control total. Data on capital formation may be estimated from direct surveys of enterprises and administrative records or based on the commodity flow method using data from production, trade, and construction activities. The quality of data on government fixed capital formation depends on the quality of government accounting systems (which tend to be weak in developing countries). Measures of fixed capital formation by households and corporations - particularly capital outlays by small, unincorporated enterprises - are usually unreliable. Estimates of changes in inventories are rarely complete but usually include the most important activities or commodities. In some countries these estimates are derived as a composite residual along with household final consumption expenditure. According to national accounts conventions, adjustments should be made for appreciation of the value of inventory holdings due to price changes, but this is not always done. In highly inflationary economies this element can be substantial. Statistical concept and methodology: Gross domestic product (GDP) from the expenditure side is made up of household final consumption expenditure, general government final consumption expenditure, gross capital formation (private and public investment in fixed assets, changes in inventories, and net acquisitions of valuables), and net exports (exports minus imports) of goods and services. Such expenditures are recorded in purchaser prices and include net taxes on products.
Publisher
The World Bank
Origin
Republic of Zimbabwe
Records
63
Source